The Alta Maremma or Maremma Settentrionale in Italian, and Upper Maremma or Northern Maremma in English, historically known as Maremma Pisana, affects a large part of the province of Livorno south of the capital, and some foothills of the province of Pisa, which extend in the northern part along the coast and the immediate hinterland between Rosignano Marittimo and Piombino, comprising the first hilly offshoots of Val di Cecina, Val di Cornia and the north-western side of the Metalliferous Hills (Colline Metallifere).

Main towns: Rosignano Marittimo, Cecina, Riparbella, Montescudaio, Guardistallo, Casale Marittimo, Bibbona, Bolgheri, Castagneto Carducci, Campiglia Marittima, Suvereto, San Vincenzo, Populonia and Piombino.

The entire Alta Maremma was called Maremma Pisana for centuries because it was an ancient domain of the Republic of Pisa. From the twentieth century it has been divided into two entities, called Maremma Pisana and Maremma Livornese, coinciding with the administrative borders created in 1925 of the relative provinces, albeit geographically unitary. However, it is considered correct from both a historical and geographic point of view to call the whole area as Northern Maremma indiscriminately, both the territories today in the province of Pisa and those in the province of Livorno, with the appellative of Maremma Pisana the name with the which these territories have been known for centuries.